Types of Reasoning in Argumentation

Obj: I can explain the difference between inductive, deductive and causal reasoning and evaluate an author’s use of these in texts.

1. Poetry Out Loud:

School competition is December 19th at 6:00 PM. Who’s in????

2. JFK Speech Example: Thoughts??
3. Reasoning: Inductive, Deductive, and Causal

• Inductive. Arguing from examples to support a conclusion; includes reasoning by analogy. Examples should be sufficient, typical, and representative to warrant a strong argument.
• Deductive. Deriving specifics from what is already known; includes syllogisms. Premises that lead to a conclusion must be true, relevant, and related for the argument to be valid.
• Causal. Argues to establish a relationship between a cause and an effect. Usually involves a correlation rather than a true causal relationship.

What type of reasoning? My Cousin Vinny

What type of reasoning? Legally Blonde

Take out your arguments from last night--what type of reasoning?

4. Fallacies: arguments that are flawed by their very nature or structure.  There are tons (one source said 125…) but rather than memorize names & definitions, understand that you should critique the argumentation presented--is it valid or fallacious?

• Scare tactics --Hasty Generalization
• Either-or scenarios --Begging the question
• Slippery Slope --Straw Man
• Sentimental appeals --Faulty Analogy
• Bandwagon
• Ad hominem

HW: Read "Love is a Fallacy" by Max Shulman and answer the Q's